Sakusei: 2001-02-20
Teire(14): 2005-02-25
Nipponsiki (Kunreisiki) no hyô ni taisite wa human no koe o kiku. Gairaigo no hyôki (1991 n. 6 gt. 28 nt. Naikaku kokuzi d. 2 g.) de motiiru tokusyuon no tuzurikata ga simesarete inai kara de aru. Sikasi Rômazi no hyô wa gozyûon ni sitagatte itiritu ni kimaru tagui no mono da kara, ima aru Rômazi no hyô de simesarete inakute mo rizume ni mitibikidaseru.
Mazu, gozyûon to kakikata ni tuite matometai. Ippan no kata ga Rômazi no tuzurikata de nayami mayou no wa, on'in (i.e. gozyûon) to hyôkihô (i.e. kakikata) no kubetu ga dekite inai kara de aru. Nipponsiki to Kunreisiki (oyobi Hebonsiki) wa, kotowari to zissai no kankei ni aru. Kunreisiki wa Gendaigo no on'in (1986 n. 7 gt. 1 nt. Naikaku kokuzi d. 1 g. - Gendai kanazukai) o toriireta Hyôonsiki kanazukai no kakikata to site naritatta. Rekisiteki kanadukai to Gendai kanazukai ga kotonaru kakikata de aru yô ni, Hyôonsiki kanazukai mo mata kotonaru kakikata de aru.
Sitagatte, sorezore betu no kakikata de aru Rekisiteki kanadukai, Gendai kanazukai, Hyôonsiki kanazukai no mittu o onazi tuzurikata ni suru koto wa dekinai. Rekisiteki kanadukai no "かなづかひ" wa Gendai kanazukai de wa "かなづかい" ni naru. Hyôonsiki kanazukai de wa "かなずかい" ni naru. Korera wa kakikata no tigai kara syôzuru no de atte, gozyûon, aruiwa Rômazi no hyô ga mitibiita no de wa nai.
Zissai no oto ni kakikata o awaseyô to iu kangaekata o Hyôon syugi to iu. Gendai kanazukai wa Rekisiteki kanazukai yori mo zissai no oto ni tikaku, Hyôonsiki kanazukai wa Gendai kanazukai yori mo sara ni zissai no oto ni tikai. Ippô, kakikata de wa naku gozyûon o Rômazi ni utusita no ga Nipponsiki de aru.
Nipponsiki wa samazama na Rômazi no tuzurikata e atehameru mae no dankai ni aru. Ue no rei o hutatabi toriagereba, Rekisiteki kanazukai ni sitagau baai wa "Kanadukahi", Gendai kanazukai ni sitagau baai wa "kanadukai" to tuzuru. Mae o Rekisiteki kanadukai ni yoru Genmitu honzi 1, usiro o Gendai kanadukai ni yoru Genmitu honzi to iu. Hyôonsiki kanazukai ni sitagau baai wa "kanazukai" ni naru. Kore ga Kunreisiki de aru. Gendaigo no on'in ni yoranai tuzurikata wa, subete Nipponsiki ni tatikaeru hituyô ga aru.
Koko de simesita hyô wa, Nipponsiki (ISO3602) ni motozuite Nihongo ga atukaeru subete o oto o rizume ni mitibikidasita kanzen na hyô de aru. Kore igai no oto o toriagete mo, Nihongo wa betu no oto to minasu ka, sude ni aru oto to seriai 2 o okosu no da kara imi ga nai. Rômazi dake de Kana no nai waku wa, sono yô na oto ga Nihongo no wakugumi no naka de naritatu yoti ga aru koto o simesu. Hyô no mikata ni kansite wa, sita no oboegaki o goran kudasai.
Seion to dakuon kara naru Nihongo no on'in no kihon. Kono hyô de simesita oto ni y o hasamu to kaiyôon (+y+) no hyô, w o hasamu to gôyôon (+w+) no hyô, wy o hasamu to hukugô yôon no hyô o mitibikidaseru.
Gr | a | i | u | e | o |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bi | あ a |
い i |
う u |
え e |
お o |
k | か ka |
き ki |
く ku |
け ke |
こ ko |
s | さ sa |
し si |
す su |
せ se |
そ so |
t | た ta |
ち ti |
つ tu |
て te |
と to |
n | な na |
に ni |
ぬ nu |
ね ne |
の no |
h | は ha |
ひ hi |
ふ hu |
へ he |
ほ ho |
m | ま ma |
み mi |
む mu |
め me |
も mo |
y | や ya |
- (yi) |
ゆ yu |
イェ ye |
よ yo |
r | ら ra |
り ri |
る ru |
れ re |
ろ ro |
w | わ wa |
〔ゐ〕 wi - |
- (wu) - |
〔ゑ〕 we - |
〔を〕 wo - |
g | が ga |
ぎ gi |
ぐ gu |
げ ge |
ご go |
z | ざ za |
じ zi |
ず zu |
ぜ ze |
ぞ zo |
d | だ da |
ぢ di zi |
づ du zu |
で de |
ど do |
b | ば ba |
び bi |
ぶ bu |
べ be |
ぼ bo |
p | ぱ pa |
ぴ pi |
ぷ pu |
ぺ pe |
ぽ po |
v | ヴァ va |
ヴィ vi |
ヴ vu |
ヴェ ve |
ヴォ vo |
Ho | ん n |
Tyokuon ni y no hanboin o hasanda oto. Hyô wa itiritu de ari, reigai wa nai. Gendai Nihongo de wa, e-retu no oto wa gairaion nomi de motiiru. I-retu no oto wa hanboin ga tasiawasarete tyokuon to naru tame, zissai de wa naritatanai.
Gr | a | i | u | e | o |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ky | きゃ kya |
- (kyi) |
きゅ kyu |
- kye |
きょ kyo |
sy | しゃ sya |
- (syi) |
しゅ syu |
シェ sye |
しょ syo |
ty | ちゃ tya |
- (tyi) |
ちゅ tyu |
チェ tye |
ちょ tyo |
ny | にゃ nya |
- (nyi) |
にゅ nyu |
- nye |
にょ nyo |
hy | ひゃ hya |
- (hyi) |
ひゅ hyu |
- hye |
ひょ hyo |
my | みゃ mya |
- (myi) |
みゅ myu |
- mye |
みょ myo |
ry | りゃ rya |
- (ryi) |
りゅ ryu |
- rye |
りょ ryo |
gy | ぎゃ gya |
- (gyi) |
ぎゅ gyu |
- gye |
ぎょ gyo |
zy | じゃ zya |
- (zyi) |
じゅ zyu |
ジェ zye |
じょ zyo |
dy | ぢゃ dya zya |
- (dyi) (zyi) |
ぢゅ dyu zyu |
- dye zye |
ぢょ dyo zyo |
by | びゃ bya |
- (byi) |
びゅ byu |
- bye |
びょ byo |
py | ぴゃ pya |
- (pyi) |
ぴゅ pyu |
- pye |
ぴょ pyo |
vy | ヴャ vya |
- (vyi) |
ヴュ vyu |
- vye |
ヴョ vyo |
Tyokuon ni w no hanboin o hasanda oto. Hyô wa itiritu de ari, reigai wa nai. Gendai Nihongo de wa gairaion igai de wa motiinai. U-retu no oto wa hanboin ga tasiawasarete tyokuon to naru tame, zissai de wa naritatanai.
Gr | a | i | u | e | o |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
kw | クァ* kwa |
クィ kwi |
- (kwu) |
クェ kwe |
クォ kwo |
sw | - swa |
- swi |
- (swu) |
- swe |
- swo |
tw | ツァ twa |
ツィ twi |
- (twu) |
ツェ twe |
ツォ two |
nw | - nwa |
- nwi |
- (nwu) |
- nwe |
- nwo |
hw | ファ hwa |
フィ hwi |
- (hwu) |
フェ hwe |
フォ hwo |
mw | - mwa |
- mwi |
- (mwu) |
- mwe |
- mwo |
rw | - rwa |
- rwi |
- (rwu) |
- rwe |
- rwo |
gw | グァ* gwa |
グィ gwi |
- (gwu) |
グェ gwe |
グォ gwo |
zw | - zwa |
- zwi |
- (zwu) |
- zwe |
- zwo |
dw | - dwa |
- dwi |
- (dwu) |
- dwe |
- dwo |
bw | - bwa |
- bwi |
- (bwu) |
- bwe |
- bwo |
pw | - pwa |
- pwi |
- (pwu) |
- pwe |
- pwo |
vw | - vwa |
- vwi |
- (vwu) |
- vwe |
- vwo |
Tyokuon ni wy no hanboin o hasanda oto. Hyô wa itiritu de ari, reigai wa nai. wy o hasamu kakikata wa migurusii to iu iken ga aru ga, narawasi to site betu no mozi o wariatete mo kamau mai. Sono baai de mo, kotowari wa simesu hituyô ga aru. Tada, hukugô yôon wa mazu motiinai no da kara, narawasi o ateru hituyô mo aru mai.
I-retu no oto wa hanboin ga tasiawasarete gôyôon to naru. U-retu no oto wa gôyôon no u-retu ga tasiawasarete tyokuon to naru tame, tômawari ni kaiyôon to naru. Kono tame, hukugô yôon no u-retu wa kaiyôon no u-retu to magireru. Rei: twyûba → tyûba.
Gr | a | i | u | e | o |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
kwy | - kwya |
- (kwyi) |
- kwyu |
- kwye |
- kwyo |
swy | - swya |
- (swyi) |
- swyu |
- swye |
- swyo |
twy | - twya |
- (twyi) |
テュ twyu |
- twye |
- twyo |
nwy | - nwya |
- (nwyi) |
- nwyu |
- nwye |
- nwyo |
hwy | - hwya |
- (hwyi) |
フュ hwyu |
- hwye |
- hwyo |
mwy | - nwya |
- (nwyi) |
- nwyu |
- nwye |
- nwyo |
rwy | - rwya |
- (rwyi) |
- rwyu |
- rwye |
- rwyo |
gwy | - gwya |
- (gwyi) |
- gwyu |
- gwye |
- gwyo |
zwy | - zwya |
- (zwyi) |
- zwyu |
- zwye |
- zwyo |
dwy | - dwya |
- (dwyi) |
デュ dwyu |
- dwye |
- dwyo |
bwy | - bwya |
- (bwyi) |
- bwyu |
- bwye |
- bwyo |
pwy | - pwya |
- (pwyi) |
- pwyu |
- pwye |
- pwyo |
vwy | - vwya |
- (vwyi) |
- vwyu |
- vwye |
- vwyo |
Nihongo wa gairaigo no eikyô o ukete oto ni yuragi ga syôzita. Yuraida oto ni wa ブ (b-) to ヴ (v-) no yô ni betu no on'in ni aru baai to, チ to ティ no yô ni, onazi on'in ni aru baai no hutatu ga aru 3. Rômazi no hyô o hirogeru to iu mokuteki ni kagitte ieba, mae wa mondai ni naranai. Usiro wa sude ni aru oto to seriau tame, sono atukai ni kansite wa betu ni sadameru hituyô ga aru.
Genzai no Nihonzin wa チ to ティ o kikiwakeru ga, da kara to itte kubetu suru wake de wa nai. Kotira de チーム, atira de ティーム to hatuon sarete mo, kotonaru kotoba to toraeru kata wa inai. Akiraka ni kotonaru hibiki o motte ite mo, ティ wa t-gyô i-retu no oto to site naritati, チ ni okikaete nanra sasisawari ga nai. Kono yô na oto o yuraida seriai to iu. Nao, yuraida seriai de zissai ni yuraida no wa mae kara atta oto no hô de, Heian zidai ni wa チ wa ティ to hatuon sita. Genzai wa huriko ga moto no iti e modoru mitisugara to kangaerareru.
Rômazi de wa gensoku to site yuraida seriai wa kakikata ni irenai. ティ wa zissai no tokoro ティ to mo チ to mo hatuon sareru. Dô kakiutusu ka ni sadamatta kimari wa nai 4. Kotoba ni yotte ティ ni katamuitari チ ni katamuitari suru ga, seriau oto to magireru izyô, hutatu wa onazi on'in ni aru. Kore o betu no on'in to minasu to, naze hutatu ga magireru ka ga setumei dekinai. Sikasi genmitu honzi nado de yuraida seriai o aete kakiwakeru baai wa, siin to boin no aida ni kugiriten o hasamu.
Gr | a | i | u | e | o |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
t | ティ t'i |
トゥ t'u |
|||
d | ディ d'i |
ドゥ d'u |
Kana de wa katute no mozi ga sutare, arata na mozi ni okikawatta mono ga aru. Kore wa kana no sôzoku mondai de ari, Rômazi no azukarisiru koto de wa nai. Yotte, Rômazi de wa tatoe Genmitu honzi de atte mo kubetu sinai. ゑ to ウェ o kakiwakenakute mo, Gendai kanazukai ka Rekisiteki kanazukai ka de kubetu ga tuku kara de aru. Tokubetu na zizyô ga atte kubetu no hituyô ga aru baai ya, Huriganasiki o motiiru baai wa, arata na mozi o seriau mozi to minasi, seriai no kakiwakekata o minarau no ga yokarô.
Gr | a | i | u | e | o |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
w | ウィ wi |
ウェ we |
ウォ wo |
Tugi: Hikion no tuzurikata
Mae: Hazime no kotoba
Kono pêzi wa Kanzi-kana mo arimasu.
1 Genmitu honzi
to wa kana hitotu hitotu o toriagete rômazi ni utusikaeru baai no tuzurikata de, tenzi to mo iu. Rômazi no tadasii kakikata ni sitagawazu, Kanazukai no kakikata o Rômazi e motikomu baai nado de motiiru.
2 Seriai
wa onazi on'in ni hutatu izyô no oto ga aru zyôtai o iu. Seriai wa kanazukai ni okeru kakikata no yuragi de ari, Rômazi de wa kakiwakenai no ga gensoku de aru.
3 Yuraida seriai
H. 3 n. 6 gt. 28 nt. Naikaku kokuzi "Gairaigo no hyôki" no Ryûi zikô sono 1 de wa, Gen'on ya gentuzuri ni narubeku tikaku kakiarawasô to suru baai no kana (d. 2 hyô) o motiiru hituyô ga nai toki wa, ippanteki na kana (d. 1 hyô) no han'i de kakiarawasu to site, トゥ→ツ ヴァ→バ nado o ageta.
4 ti
Tatoeba, Amerikazin ga team to hatuon site Nihonzin ga sono oto o kakiutusu to suru. チーム to kakiutusu kata to ティーム to kakiutusu kata ga awaraweyô ga, dotira ga tadasii to wa iemai. Handan wa hito sorezore no konomi aruiwa kangaeta ni yoru.
The complete romanization table here is based on the theory of Nipponsiki. The system is the present Japanese standard (Cabinet Order No.1 or Kunrei system) defined by the Japanese Government, and also the international standard (ISO3602) defined by International Organization for Standardization. Although Hepburn system is widely used in English-speaking communities, it should no longer be used as the primary system of romanizing Japanese.
SnM > Rômazi no Bunpô > Rômazi no Hyô